This cooking conversion calculator converts recipe measurements between US, UK and metric units. Use it to change cups to ml, tablespoons and teaspoons to ml, ounces to grams, pounds to kilograms, and oven temperatures between Celsius, Fahrenheit and Gas Mark.
Convert cups, spoons, ml, grams, ounces and oven temperatures. Pick an ingredient to turn cups into grams, or grams into cups.
It also converts cups to grams and grams to cups for 26 common ingredients, including flour, sugar, butter, milk and honey, because a cup of flour weighs far less than a cup of honey. Below the calculator you will find the formulas, a grams-per-cup chart, a Gas Mark chart and worked recipe examples.
How to Use the Cooking Conversion Calculator
Choose one of the four tabs, enter an amount, and pick the units to convert from and to. The result updates as you type.
- Volume: cups, tablespoons, teaspoons, fluid ounces, pints, quarts, gallons, millilitres and litres, in US, UK (imperial) and metric sizes.
- Weight: grams, kilograms, ounces, pounds and US sticks of butter.
- Cups ↔ Grams: volume to weight, or weight to volume, for a selected ingredient.
- Oven temp: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Gas Mark and fan-oven Celsius.
Entering Amounts
You can type whole numbers, decimals or fractions: 2, 0.75, 3/4, 1 1/2, 1-1/2 or 1½. A comma decimal such as 1,5 is read as 1.5. Use the swap button between the unit menus to reverse a conversion.
Reading the Results
The large figure is the converted amount, and the line below it shows the full conversion. Depending on the tab, you may also see:
- Nearest measure: the closest measuring-cup or spoon fraction, for example 2.11 US cups is about 2 1/8 cups.
- Oven dial: the temperature rounded to the nearest 5 degrees.
- Same amount in other units: the result in six related units at once, such as ml, cups, tablespoons, teaspoons and fluid ounces.
Select Copy to copy the conversion, or tap a popular conversion to fill in the calculator.
Volume Conversions: Cups, Spoons and Millilitres
Every volume unit in the calculator has a fixed size in millilitres, so a volume conversion is exact:
Converted amount = Amount × ml per starting unit ÷ ml per target unit
Where:
- Amount = the number you enter
- ml per starting unit = the size of the unit you convert from
- ml per target unit = the size of the unit you convert to
For example, to convert 3/4 US cup to millilitres:
Millilitres = 0.75 × 236.59 ÷ 1 = 177.44 ml
So 3/4 US cup is 177.44 ml.
US Cup, Metric Cup and US Legal Cup
Recipes use more than one size of cup, so check where the recipe comes from before converting.
| Cup | Size in ml | Where you will see it |
|---|---|---|
| US cup | 236.59 ml | US recipes |
| US legal cup | 240 ml | US nutrition labels |
| Metric cup | 250 ml | Recipes written for metric measuring cups, such as in Australia and New Zealand |
How many ml are in half a cup?
Half a US cup is 118.29 ml, half a US legal cup is 120 ml, and half a metric cup is 125 ml.
How many ml are in a third of a cup?
A third of a US cup is 78.86 ml, and a third of a metric cup is 83.33 ml.
US vs UK (Imperial) Fluid Ounces and Pints
US and UK units share names but not sizes. A UK pint holds 20 UK fluid ounces, while a US pint holds 16 US fluid ounces.
| Unit | US size | UK (imperial) size |
|---|---|---|
| Fluid ounce | 29.57 ml | 28.41 ml |
| Pint | 473.18 ml | 568.26 ml |
| Quart | 946.35 ml | 1,136.52 ml |
| Gallon | 3,785.41 ml | 4,546.09 ml |
For example, 2 UK pints = 2 × 568.26 ÷ 473.18 = 2.4 US pints.
Tablespoons and Teaspoons
Spoon sizes also differ between countries. The calculator includes US spoons, the 5 ml and 15 ml metric spoons used in the UK and many other countries, and the 20 ml Australian tablespoon.
| Spoon | Size | Equivalent |
|---|---|---|
| US teaspoon | 4.93 ml | 1/3 US tablespoon |
| US tablespoon | 14.79 ml | 3 US teaspoons |
| Metric / UK teaspoon | 5 ml | — |
| Metric / UK tablespoon | 15 ml | 3 metric teaspoons |
| Australian tablespoon | 20 ml | 4 metric teaspoons |
In US measures, 1 cup = 16 tablespoons = 48 teaspoons. For example, an Australian recipe that asks for 2 tablespoons means 40 ml, which is 40 ÷ 14.79 = 2.71 US tablespoons.
Millilitres to Cups
To convert millilitres to US cups, divide by the size of one cup:
US cups = Millilitres ÷ 236.59
Where 236.59 is the number of millilitres in one US cup. For 500 ml:
US cups = 500 ÷ 236.59 = 2.11 cups
That is about 2 1/8 cups with standard measuring cups. For metric cups, divide by 250 instead: 500 ml = 2 metric cups.
Weight Conversions: Grams, Ounces and Pounds
Weight conversions are exact and do not depend on the ingredient, because an ounce and a pound have fixed values in grams: 1 oz = 28.35 g and 1 lb = 16 oz = 453.59 g.
Ounces to Grams
Grams = Ounces × 28.35
Where 28.35 is the number of grams in one ounce. For 8 oz of chocolate:
Grams = 8 × 28.35 = 226.8 g
Grams to Ounces
Ounces = Grams ÷ 28.35
For a 250 g block of butter: 250 ÷ 28.35 = 8.82 oz.
Pounds and Sticks of Butter
For amounts over a pound, the calculator also shows pounds and ounces. For example, 1,000 g = 2.2 lb, or 2 lb 3.27 oz.
US butter is often sold in sticks. One stick is 4 oz, which is 113.4 g, or 1/2 US cup. The Weight tab converts sticks directly, so 3 sticks = 3 × 113.4 = 340.2 g.
Cups to Grams: Converting by Ingredient
A cup measures volume and a gram measures weight, so converting between them needs the weight of one cup of that ingredient:
Grams = Cups × Grams per cup
Where:
- Cups = the volume in US cups
- Grams per cup = the weight of one US cup of the ingredient (shown under the ingredient menu)
For 2 1/2 cups of all-purpose flour at 125 g per cup:
Grams = 2.5 × 125 = 312.5 g
So 2 1/2 cups of flour is about 312.5 g.
Converting Tablespoons, Millilitres and Ounces
For other volume units, the calculator first changes the volume to US cups:
Grams = (Millilitres ÷ 236.59) × Grams per cup
For 3 US tablespoons of cocoa powder (44.36 ml) at 86 g per cup: (44.36 ÷ 236.59) × 86 = 16.13 g. If you choose a weight unit as the target, such as ounces, the grams are then converted with the weight factors above.
Using a Custom Density
If your ingredient is not listed, or you want to match your own measuring method, choose Custom and enter the grams per US cup. To find it, fill a US cup the way you normally do, level it, and weigh the contents.
Grams to Cups
The same density works in reverse:
Cups = Grams ÷ Grams per cup
For 300 g of granulated sugar at 200 g per cup:
Cups = 300 ÷ 200 = 1.5 cups
For 225 g of all-purpose flour: 225 ÷ 125 = 1.8 cups, which the calculator shows as about 1 3/4 cups.
Why Cups-to-Grams Results Are Approximate
Volume-to-weight results are marked with ≈ because the weight of a cup changes with the product and how it is measured. The calculator uses one typical value per ingredient.
Flour and Measuring Technique
Scooping flour straight from the bag packs more into the cup than spooning it in and levelling the top. The flour values in the calculator assume the spoon-and-level method, so a scooped cup will usually weigh more.
Packed, Sifted and Loose Ingredients
Brown sugar is measured firmly packed, while powdered sugar and cocoa are unsifted in the chart. Sifting adds air, so a cup of sifted powder weighs less. When a recipe gives weights, use them directly or weigh with a kitchen scale.
Grams per Cup Chart for Common Ingredients
These are the values the calculator uses. Grams per tablespoon is the cup value divided by 16.
| Ingredient | Grams per US cup | Grams per US tbsp | Cups per 100 g |
|---|---|---|---|
| All-purpose / plain flour | 125 g | 7.8 g | 0.80 |
| Bread flour | 127 g | 7.9 g | 0.79 |
| Whole wheat / wholemeal flour | 120 g | 7.5 g | 0.83 |
| Self-rising / self-raising flour | 125 g | 7.8 g | 0.80 |
| Granulated sugar | 200 g | 12.5 g | 0.50 |
| Caster / superfine sugar | 200 g | 12.5 g | 0.50 |
| Brown sugar, packed | 213 g | 13.3 g | 0.47 |
| Powdered / icing sugar | 120 g | 7.5 g | 0.83 |
| Butter | 226.8 g | 14.2 g | 0.44 |
| Margarine | 226.8 g | 14.2 g | 0.44 |
| Cocoa powder | 86 g | 5.4 g | 1.16 |
| Cornstarch / cornflour | 128 g | 8.0 g | 0.78 |
| Rolled oats | 90 g | 5.6 g | 1.11 |
| Breadcrumbs, dry | 108 g | 6.8 g | 0.93 |
| Chocolate chips | 170 g | 10.6 g | 0.59 |
| Heavy / double cream | 238 g | 14.9 g | 0.42 |
| Yogurt | 245 g | 15.3 g | 0.41 |
| Water | 237 g | 14.8 g | 0.42 |
| Milk | 240 g | 15.0 g | 0.42 |
| Vegetable oil | 218 g | 13.6 g | 0.46 |
| Olive oil | 216 g | 13.5 g | 0.46 |
| Honey | 340 g | 21.2 g | 0.29 |
| Maple syrup | 322 g | 20.1 g | 0.31 |
| Rice, uncooked | 185 g | 11.6 g | 0.54 |
| Peanut butter | 258 g | 16.1 g | 0.39 |
| Table salt | 288 g | 18.0 g | 0.35 |
Fluid Ounces vs Ounces
A fluid ounce (fl oz) measures volume and an ounce (oz) measures weight. They match closely only for water-like liquids. 1 US fl oz of honey is 29.57 ml, but it weighs about 42.5 g, or 1.5 oz, using the chart value of 340 g per cup. To go between fluid ounces and ounces, use the Cups ↔ Grams tab with the right ingredient.
Oven Temperature Conversion
Celsius and Fahrenheit are linked by a formula, so these conversions are exact.
Celsius to Fahrenheit
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32
Where °C is the temperature in Celsius. For 180 °C:
°F = 180 × 9/5 + 32 = 356 °F
The calculator shows 355 °F as the oven-dial value. Many US recipes use 350 °F for this setting.
Fahrenheit to Celsius
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9
For 350 °F:
°C = (350 − 32) × 5/9 = 176.7 °C
That rounds to 175 °C on an oven dial, and many UK recipes write it as 180 °C.
Fan Oven Temperature Conversion
Fan (convection) ovens circulate hot air, and a common guide is to set them about 20 °C lower than a conventional oven. The calculator includes a fan-oven Celsius unit that applies this guide:
Fan °C = Conventional °C − 20
For example, 180 °C conventional becomes 160 °C fan, and a recipe that says 160 °C fan is 180 °C in a conventional oven. Ovens differ, so check your oven manual and the recipe.
Gas Mark Conversion
Gas Marks are defined in Fahrenheit. Gas Mark 1 is 275 °F, and each mark above that adds 25 °F:
°F = 250 + 25 × Gas Mark
Where Gas Mark is a whole number from 1 to 9. Gas Mark 1/2 is 250 °F and Gas Mark 1/4 is 225 °F. For Gas Mark 6:
°F = 250 + 25 × 6 = 400 °F, which is 204.4 °C
Printed charts round the Celsius values, so Gas Mark 6 is usually listed as 200 °C.
Gas Mark Chart
| Gas Mark | Fahrenheit | Exact Celsius | Common chart value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/4 | 225 °F | 107.2 °C | 110 °C |
| 1/2 | 250 °F | 121.1 °C | 120 °C |
| 1 | 275 °F | 135.0 °C | 140 °C |
| 2 | 300 °F | 148.9 °C | 150 °C |
| 3 | 325 °F | 162.8 °C | 170 °C |
| 4 | 350 °F | 176.7 °C | 180 °C |
| 5 | 375 °F | 190.6 °C | 190 °C |
| 6 | 400 °F | 204.4 °C | 200 °C |
| 7 | 425 °F | 218.3 °C | 220 °C |
| 8 | 450 °F | 232.2 °C | 230 °C |
| 9 | 475 °F | 246.1 °C | 240 °C |
Converting Celsius to a Gas Mark
To go the other way, the calculator converts the temperature to Fahrenheit and picks the nearest mark. For example, 200 °C = 392 °F, and the nearest mark is Gas Mark 6 (400 °F). Temperatures below Gas Mark 1/4 or above Gas Mark 9 are reported as outside the range.
Worked Recipe Conversion Examples
Example 1: US Cookie Recipe to Grams and Celsius
A US recipe lists 2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour, 3/4 cup granulated sugar, 1 cup butter and an oven at 375 °F.
- Flour: 2.25 × 125 = 281.25 g
- Sugar: 0.75 × 200 = 150 g
- Butter: 1 × 226.8 = 226.8 g (2 sticks)
- Oven: (375 − 32) × 5/9 = 190.6 °C, which is 190 °C on the dial, or about 170 °C fan
Example 2: UK Recipe to US Cups
A UK recipe uses 225 g plain flour, 500 ml milk and Gas Mark 5.
- Flour: 225 ÷ 125 = 1.8 cups, about 1 3/4 cups
- Milk: 500 ÷ 236.59 = 2.11 cups, about 2 1/8 cups (a volume conversion, so the ingredient does not matter)
- Oven: Gas Mark 5 = 250 + 25 × 5 = 375 °F
Example 3: Australian Tablespoons to US Spoons
An Australian recipe asks for 3 tablespoons of olive oil. At 20 ml each, that is 60 ml, and 60 ÷ 14.79 = 4.06 US tablespoons, so use 4 US tablespoons. Using US tablespoons without converting would give 44.36 ml, about a quarter less oil than intended.
Common Cooking Conversion Mistakes
- Treating every cup as the same: US (236.59 ml), US legal (240 ml) and metric (250 ml) cups differ.
- Mixing up ounces and fluid ounces: oz is weight; fl oz is volume.
- Using one grams-per-cup value for everything: a cup of honey weighs 340 g, a cup of flour about 125 g.
- Ignoring how the cup was filled: scooped flour and packed sugar weigh more than spooned or loose.
- Forgetting fan ovens: a fan-oven temperature is usually lower than the conventional one in the recipe.
- Rounding too early: keep full values while converting and round the final amount.
Frequently Asked Questions
Cups and Spoons
How many ml are in a cup?
One US cup is 236.59 ml. A US legal cup is 240 ml and a metric cup is 250 ml.
How many tablespoons are in a cup?
There are 16 US tablespoons in a US cup, and 3 teaspoons in a tablespoon, so a cup holds 48 teaspoons.
Is a UK tablespoon the same as a US tablespoon?
Not quite. A metric / UK tablespoon is 15 ml and a US tablespoon is 14.79 ml. The Australian tablespoon is larger, at 20 ml.
Cups to Grams
How many grams are in a cup of flour?
About 125 g for all-purpose flour that is spooned into the cup and levelled. Bread flour is about 127 g and whole wheat flour about 120 g per cup.
How many grams are in a cup of sugar or butter?
A cup of granulated sugar is about 200 g, packed brown sugar about 213 g and butter 226.8 g, which is 2 US sticks.
Can I convert fluid ounces to grams?
Only if you know the ingredient. Use the Cups ↔ Grams tab, choose the ingredient and select US fluid ounces as the starting unit.
Oven Temperatures
What is 180 °C in Fahrenheit?
180 °C is 356 °F. That is about 355 °F on an oven dial, and US recipes often use 350 °F for it.
What Gas Mark is 180 °C?
Gas Mark 4. Gas Mark 4 is 350 °F, or 176.7 °C, and charts usually list it as 180 °C.
How much lower should a fan oven be?
A common guide is 20 °C lower than a conventional oven, so 180 °C becomes 160 °C fan. Your oven manual may give a different figure.
Summary
Volume and weight conversions are exact, cups-to-grams conversions depend on the ingredient and how it is measured, and oven conversions follow the Celsius, Fahrenheit and Gas Mark formulas above. Use the Cooking Conversion Calculator to convert any recipe amount in one step, and weigh ingredients when a recipe needs precise results.